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Baby Dragoon Cartridge Conversion

The Colt Walker allowed Colt to rise from the ashes of his Patent Revolver Company, and in 1848 the new Colt’s first purely civilian revolver was the 1848 Pocket Model, known as the Baby Dragoon.

Colt’s 1848 Pocket Model, known as the Baby Dragoon.

This was a (nominally) .31 caliber percussion revolver built on a small frame. These were provided in a variety of barrel-lengths and could be had with or without the loading-lever mounted under the barrel. They were instantly popular, and these new revolvers and their successors in 1850 (called the 1849 Model) included mechanical improvements that formed the basis for the famous 1851 Navy and 1860 Army models.

Some of these guns were later converted to fire metallic cartridges by gunsmiths, which were typically chambered in .32 Rimfire, but to the best of my knowledge Colt never did factory conversions of these guns.

A Model 1949 Pocket Model reworked to fire .32 Rimfire by an unknown gunsmith.
Colt 1862 Pocket Navy converted to fire .38 Short Colt

Colt did produce cartridge versions of their Pocket Navy chambered in .38 Colt Short, and in modern times conversion kits for the .31-caliber reproductions were made that used the .32 S&W cartridge.

A modern reproduction of a Model 1848 Pocket Model with a .32 S&W Conversion made by Kirst.

These were not exceptionally successful because (many?) .31-caliber percussion revolvers are actually .32 caliber (.320″) and .32 S&W are actually .31-caliber (.312″) Because of course they are. This meant that .32 S&W cartridges fired through the .320 bore often didn’t stabilize well, tended to be inaccurate and produced ‘keyhole’ hits.

When I decided to do my own conversion on an anonymous Italian reproduction I modelled it on the later Colt conversions and chambered it for .32 S&W. To measure the bore I forced an oversized soft-lead slug through the bore and measured it afterwards. The bore came out, as expected, at .320″. I planned on using hollow-base wadcutters to compensate for this; the skirt of the bullet would expand to fill the bore and engage the rifling.

From here I’ll tell the story with pictures-

Here a picture of the gun prior to modification. The .45 ACP cartridge is shown for size comparison.
Here’s the finished gun. The loading lever has been removed and the barrel-lug has been re-sculpted to resemble 19thC. ‘Avenging Angel’ conversions of the 1851 Navy. The ammo shown is factory Remington ammunition.
I elected to leave the barrel full-length (5-7/8″) and left the grip alone, aside from refinishing it.
Here’s the gun broken down. The breech-ring carries a rebounding firing-pin. There is a port cut in the breech-ring for loading; there is no actual gate like there is on the larger-caliber conversions.
With the hammer at half-cock the cylinder can be rotated to load the chambers one at a time. The empties need to be extracted using a separate rod.
Here’s a close-up of the loading port. The gun can be carried with all five chambers loaded by resting the firing-pin between the case-heads.
Normally the rear sight would be located on the hammer-nose, but since I used a breech-ring with a rebounding firing-pin I had to cut that away. Instead I mounted the rear sight on the barrel just ahead of the forcing-cone. This gives a good 5-1/2″ of sight radius, and since the sights can’t move in relation to the barrel accuracy should be pretty good.
The casing is so short the semi-wadcutter cannot be seated to full depth. These bullets are Hornady 90gr. HBWCs. These are loaded over 1.2gr. of Unique.
Unexpectedly all the bullets showed some expansion when fired into Clear Ballistics 10% ordinance gel. The bullets expanded to .320, with expansion at the tip was to an average of .360. That’s not much, but it’s more than I expected.
As you can see the bullet expanded enough to fully engage the rifling.

I fired five shots over the chronograph and into the ballistic gel. They averaged 769 fps. and 118 ft./lbs at the muzzle, with an extreme spread of 36 fps. The bullets all penetrated very close to 13-1/2″ into the gel. I didn’t fire them through denim because, uh… I forgot to.

I’ll need to take it to the range for a good workout, but I’m pretty pleased with how it’s working out. I am going to mount the breech-ring on the breech with screws; very occasionally the breech-ring will move enough to momentarily bind the action.

The gun needed holster, of course. I modelled mine on the simple ‘gun-bucket’ style popular in the 1870s.

The holster is made from 7-8 oz. top-grain vegetable-tanned tooling leather. It’s double-needle stitched with #7 linen cord.
The belt-loop on the back is located to to hold the butt away from the hip for an easy draw.
Here’s the gun shown with an 1860 Army for size comparison.

Addenda

This morning I fired the Remington Factory ammo into the gel. The bullet penetrated 10-1/2″ and wound up nose-forward. As you can see the rifling grooves are quite deep and plain. When measured the bullet had ‘bumped up’ to .320″. Apparently the very soft lead bullet works just fine, at least in the modified forcing cone of this gun. I’ll take it to the range and run some more rounds through it.

Michael Tinker Pearce, 28 January 2021

7.8x19mm. Because, uh, Reasons.

What the world really needs is a .30-caliber pistol cartridge that, while more powerful that .32 ACP, is not so powerful that it requires a locked breech…” said no one ever. Not even me, and it’s my idea. It’s not even a new idea; the French had a .32 service cartridge that was rather similar. Hmm… better run it through the Wildcatter’s Checklist:

*Does it duplicate the performance of an existing cartridge? Check!

*Does it answer a question no one is asking? Check!

*Is it a pain in the butt to make? Check!

*Is it of dubious utility? Check!

*Will it be fun? Check!

Oh look, a perfect score! I guess we’d better get on with it then. Ladies and Gentlemen, I give you… drumroll please… the 7.8x19mm Auto!

75gr LFP and 65gr JHP versions, though I’m contemplating a 100gr bullet as standard. Have to see what I can come up with…

A couple years back someone gave me some .30 carbine brass, and it was inevitable that I’d find something to do with it sooner or later. Shortened and resized is turned out to be a pretty perfect donor-cartridge for the 7.8x19mm.

Umm… why 7.8mm? Well, because it turns out the .308 bullets are actually 7.82mm in diameter, not 7.62mm. No, I don’t get it either, but that’s the way it is. OK, why 19mm long? Because for the methods I had on-hand it was easy for me to shorten them to that length. I was shooting for 20mm and got 19 and said, “good enough.”

Of course I’ll need some way to test it, and as it happens I have a Maadi Helwan pistol converted to a .380 ACP straight-blowback already, and guess what new cartridge fits in a 9mm Helwan magazine?

Yep, the 7.8 fits in a 9mm Helwan/ Beretta M1951 magazine. It also cycles from the magazine, chambers and extracts from the .380 barrel.

OK, the 7.8 fits in the magazine, and it feeds, extracts and ejects from the .380-chambered barrel. So if I bore out the barrel, line it with a .308 barrel liner and cut the chamber for the new cartridge it just might work…

The goal here is to see if I can drive a 100gr. bullet to 1000fps. and still operate safely as a straight-blowback. This will yield 222 ft./lbs of energy at the muzzle, and the bullet’s high sectional density ought to give it excellent penetration, hopefully even with an expanding bullet.

The stock 9mm magazine positions the bullet well for feeding into the chamber, the extractor holds the case well and the ejector kicks it out. Now all I need is the right caliber barrel…

As it happens I have a short section of .308 barrel and some Speer 100gr. .308 Plinkers. I also have a .308 resizing die I use to resize .312-caliber bullets to .308 for use in my Mauser C96 broomhandle. This is a totally doable thing…

Of course the question of whether one should do a thing just because one can comes up… to which I say, ‘Why the hell not?’ It’ll be fun, and if it doesn’t work out I can always get another barrel for the Helwan and turn it back into a .380, or even get one of the new locking blocks from that fellow in Europe and restore it to 9mm.

So is this new cartridge going to set the world on fire? Uh, no. The world manifestly does not need this cartridge. I expect I will go to my grave as the only person to own a firearm chambered for it, in fact. But it will be fun, and that’s really the whole point.

Naturally whatever happens I’ll keep you posted.

Michael Tinker Pearce, 23 January 2021

Gilding the… Dandelion?

I have some handguns for specific purposes. I have a long-barreled .44 Magnum for hunting. I have a number of smaller guns for concealed-carry, and some just for recreational target shooting. Most of them aren’t quite as specialized as my Taurus Model 415 .41 magnum. That’s my, ‘Peeing-in-the-woods-oh-crap-is-that-a-bear?!’ gun.

The Taurus Model 415 .41 Magnum. Matte stainless finish, 2-1/2″ ported barrel and recoil-absorbing 1-piece neoprene grip.

There isn’t much chance I’m going to run into a dangerous animal in the woods while hunting, but it could happen. It makes sense to have a carry gun; something powerful enough to deal with an irritable or inquisitive Black Bear.

To be clear, this is not a ‘hunting handgun,’ it’s a sidearm to carry while hunting, just in case. IN Washington state a handgun used to hunt big game must have at least a 4″ barrel, so this one is right out of the running.

So, relatively small, only slightly larger and heavier than a S&W K-frame but firing a very powerful cartridge. Easy to carry, doesn’t get in the way too much… but it kicks hard. The stock grips do a pretty good job of making the recoil tolerable, but they are a bit ‘sticky,’ tending to grab clothing, and the squishiness of them isn’t ideal for control in rapid-fire. I made a set of custom grips, and while they impart excellent control they are painful with full-power loads. That’s a compromise I can live with; I mean, it’s not like I am going to care if I need to use it. But if I could come up with something better…

The custom grips on the Taurus. Excellent rapid-fire control, but not at all comfortable doing it.

A couple of years ago a friend gave me a set of grips for a large-frame revolver for Christmas. Very fancy, with black enamel and mother-of-pearl inlays. I have a large hand, so these worked out nicely. Some time later I sold that gun, but I kept the grips. I mean, I was bound to get another gun they fit sooner or later.

I ran across those grips last night and thought, ‘I wonder…’ The thing is the Taurus is based on their Tracker revolvers, meaning it has a non-ergonomic grip-frame; one piece grips are slipped on over the frame and secured with a screw at the bottom of the grip. So they might fit, but they’d need some adaptation to secure them.

The solution was pretty simple; I cut some wood pieces and glued them into the grips to properly surround and secure the tang.

The wood inserts secure the grip-frame nicely. The circular piece in the center secures the grips against slipping out.

So, quite a good fit and provides a really nice grip. But it seemed out of place against the matte stainless finish of the gun. OK, that’s easy enough to solve; some buffing, some 3000-grit sandpaper and Flitz metal polish and the now-shiny gun looks much better with the grips.

I left the top-strap matte; there are some bits you don’t want to be shiny.
Since this gun is meant to be deployed in a hurry I cut away the right side if the front of the trigger-guard so my trigger-finger can move between a safe position on the frame to the trigger more quickly and easily.

So, How’s it Shoot?

Better than I do, but that’s not unusual. The large grips have done the trick; while recoil with full-power loads was not what I would call pleasant it wasn’t bad, and with .41 Special loads (210gr. LSWC @ 900 fps.) it was downright tame. I mean, relatively speaking. This gun consistently shoots high and right; I’m likely to modify the sights.

,41 Special, 1 shot per second at seven yards. Shooting high and right, as usual. I think it’s time to make an adjustment to the sights.
Full power .41 magnum loads, rapid-fire at seven yards. Aim point was 6 o’clock.

OK, But… Why?

Not many people will bother to work on a Taurus, and the reason is simple; they can be an iffy proposition. Quality control on Taurus has been… let’s call it whimsical. Generally the Model 85s are consistently good, and some of their new semi-auto pistols are well regarded. Others are catch-as-can; if you get a bad one it’s bad. If you get a good one it can be very good indeed. This irregularity has caused people to regard them, somewhat unfairly, as junk.

This is a good one. But leaving that aside the question remains; why spiff up a working gun like this? My response is, why not? Why shouldn’t I have a ‘fancy’ gun as a sidearm for hunting? I’m not stalking perps through dark alleys; it doesn’t matter if the gun is reflective or has fancy grips. If the gun is holstered the shiny bits are covered; if I need it the shininess is irrelevant.

Anyway, it’s my gun, it’s cool and I like it. Good enough.

Michael Tinker Pearce, 18 January 21